At the Romanian Writers Congress held in june 1956 in Bucharest, a special place has been granted to discussing Romanian literature of the period in interventions held by the most important figures of the time such as Mihail Sadoveanu. The problems analyzed by Paul Georgescu in his literary rapport enhance the studies on ideologically involved writers such as Mihai Beniuc or Maria Banuş (in poetry), Petru Dumitriu or Zaharia Stancu (in prose), as well as Vitner’s critical view on the idealistic aesthetics.