One of the most important aspects of the standard Romanian language modernization that started at the end of the 18th century was the vocabulary enrichment with the help of loanwords, in attempt to extend the means of expression of our cultural language (especially in its written aspect). Because of the Romanian enthrallment to the Old Church Slavonic in such domains as religious service, culture and administration, during de 16th and 17th centuries many scholars experienced, especially when translating monumental religious texts, the feeling of „language penury‖. Beginning with the Transylvanian School‘s activity, there comes into being a favorable trend fo the modernization of the standard Romanian vocabulary by a programmatic association with Latin, on the one hand, and the related Romance languages (especially French and Italian), on the other hand. The entire process gradually got the proportion of a true „re-romanization‖ / „re-latinization‖ of the Romanian standard language, in which the linguisitic loan had a major role. Although there were scholars who had a rather temperate attitude to the loan solution, suggesting that the inner resources (i.e. derivation) to enrich the vocabulary are preferable, most of the 18th century Transylvanian intellectuals involved in philological disputes took favourable position towards the need of language development by loanwords of Latin-Romance origin.